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Some critics have accused the blacklist of being simply the latest in a series of suspicious incidents to have happened to the website in recent months, as the Russian government look to increase their stake in, and control of the site. DDoS attacks on sites Because the social network is the one most popular and highloaded sites in , its visits can be used to make DDoS attacks on smaller sites.

Retrieved 10 October 2015. It was done by inserting an iframe and a piece of JavaScript code which periodically reloaded the iframe. Following the deal, Usmanov and his allies controlled around 52% of the company.



VK short for its original name VKontakte; : ВКонта́кте, meaning InContact is a Russian online and. It is available in several languages but it is especially used by. VK allows users to message each other publicly or privately, to create , public pages and events, share and tag images, audio and video, and to play browser-based games. It is based in , Russia. VKontakte Type of site Available in 80+ languages, including Soviet Russian and Pre-Revolutionary Russian Owner Vkontakte Ltd Created by 42,751 million 2016 Website rank 17 July 2018 Registration Required 500,000,000+ as of August 2018 Launched October 10, 2006 ; 12 years ago 2006-10-10 Current status Active As of August 2018 , VK had at least 500 million accounts. VK is ranked 17 as of August 2018 in 's global Top 500 sites. It is the most popular website in. According to , VK is the 9th most visited website in the world. As of March 2018, VK also ranked as the most popular social networking website in and in addition to. Founder launched VKontakte for beta testing in September 2006, shortly after his graduation from. The following month, the domain name vkontakte. User registration was initially limited to within university circles exclusively by invitation, but the site still grew quickly. In February 2007 the site reached a user base of over 100,000 and was recognized as the second largest company in Russia's nascent social network market. In the same month, the site was subjected to a severe attack, which briefly put it offline. The user base reached 1 million in July 2007, and 10 million in April 2008. In December 2008 VK overtook rival as Russia's most popular social networking service. The original founders then sold a stake of 39. On 29 May 2012, Mail. Combined with Durov's personal 12% stake, this gave him 52% of the votes. In January 2014, VK's founder Pavel Durov sold his 12% stake in the company to Ivan Tavrin, the CEO of , which is controlled by. Following the deal, Usmanov and his allies controlled around 52% of the company. Shortly thereafter, the CEO of Megafon, sold his 12% stake to Mail. On 1 April 2014, Durov submitted his resignation to the board; at first, due to the fact the company confirmed he had resigned, it was believed to be related to the which began in February of the same year. However, Durov himself claimed it was an April Fool's Joke on 3 April 2014. On 21 April 2014, Durov was dismissed as CEO, claiming he failed to withdraw his letter of resignation a month earlier. Durov then claimed the company had been effectively taken over by 's political faction, suggesting his dismissal was the result of both his refusal to hand over personal details of users to federal law enforcement and his refusal to hand over the personal details of people who were members of a VKontakte group dedicated to the protest movement. In May 2017, Ukrainian President signed a decree to impose a ban on Mail. VK logo before 2015 As with most social networks, the site's core functionality is based around private messaging and sharing photos, status updates and links with friends. VK also has tools for managing online communities and celebrity pages. The site allows its users to upload, search and stream media content, such as videos and music. VK features an advanced search engine, that allows complex queries for finding friends, as well as a real-time news search. VK updated its features and design on April 2016. VK Private Messages can be exchanged between groups of 2 to 500 people. An email address can also be specified as the recipient. Each message may contain up to 10 attachments: Photos, Videos, Audio Files, Maps an embedded map with a manually placed marker , and Documents. VK users can post on their profile walls, each post may contain up to 10 attachments — media files, maps, and documents see above. User mentions and hashtags are supported. In case of multiple photo-attachments the previews are automatically scaled and arranged in a magazine-style layout. The news feed can be switched between all news default and most interesting modes. The site features a news-recommendation engine, global real-time search and individual search for posts and comments on specific users' walls. VK features three types of communities. Groups are better suited for decentralised communities discussion-boards, wiki-style articles, editable by all members, etc. Public pages is a news feed orientated broadcasting tool for celebrities and businesses. The two types are largely interchangeable, the main difference being in the default settings. The third type of community is called Events, which are used for organizing concerts and events in an appropriate way. VK like buttons for posts, comments, media and external sites operate in a different way from Facebook. Liked content doesn't get automatically pushed to the user's wall, but is saved in the private Favorites section instead. The user has to press a second 'share with friends' button to share an item on their wall or send it via private message to a friend. Users can control the availability of their content within the network and on the Internet. Blanket and granular privacy settings are available for pages and individual content. Any news published on the VK wall will appear on Facebook or Twitter. Editing post in VK does not change the post in Facebook or Twitter and vice versa. However, removing the news in VK will remove it from other social networks. Russian users can receive and reply to a private messages or leave a comments for community news using SMS. Users have access to the audio files uploaded by other users. In addition, users are able to upload the audio files themselves, create playlists and share audios with others by attaching to messages and wall posts. The uploaded audio files cannot violate copyright laws. Popularity no data As of May 2017, according to ranking, VK is one of the most visited websites in some Eurasian countries. It was the fourth most viewed site in Ukraine until, in May 2017, the Ukrainian government banned the use of VK in Ukraine. According to a study for May 2018 conducted by VK remained the fourth most viewed site in Ukraine, but was twice as much visited. Languages As of May 2018 the site is available in 86 languages, while advertisements are only shown in the Russian and Ukrainian versions. Russian-speaking users can choose between the standard Russian version and two extras: a Soviet version and a version. Other than language tweaks e. For example, all private messages in the Soviet version have a stamp saying 'passed server censorship'. The pre-revolutionary version uses. Both extra versions are also ad-free. Promotional use by bands and musicians Musicians that use VK for promotion often upload their own tracks to their official VK pages. Notable examples include the international celebrities like , , , , , , , , , and. The headquarters of VK on the in aka Copyright issues Litigation In 2008, the leading Russian television channel TV Russia tvchannel name RTR used in 1991-2002 years then Russia 1 and television company VGTRK sued VKontakte then VK over unlicensed copies of two of its films which had been uploaded by VK users. In 2010, this dispute was settled by the Russian Supreme Arbitration Court in favour of the social network. Efforts against copyright infringement VK offers a content removal tool for copyright holders. Large-scale copyright holders may gain access to bulk content removal tools. Since 2010, VK has also entered several partnerships with legal content providers such as television networks and streaming providers. Most notably, the Video on Demand provider IVI. These partnerships allow providers to remove user-uploaded content from VK and substitute it with legal embedded copies from the provider's site. This legal content can be either ad-sponsored, subscription based, or free, depending on the provider's choices. VK does not display its own advertising in the site's music or video sections, nor in the videos themselves. On October 2013, VKontakte was cleared of copyright infringement charges by a court in. The judge ruled that the social network is not responsible for the content uploaded by its users. In November 2014, the head of The Federal Service for Supervision of Communications, Information Technology and Mass Media, , said that Vkontakte will complete the process of legalization of the content at the beginning of 2015. At that time November, 2014 , negotiations between major labels companies and the social network Vkontakte were ongoing. DDoS attacks on sites Because the social network is the one most popular and highloaded sites in , its visits can be used to make DDoS attacks on smaller sites. VK performed on certain sites, making users' browsers send multiple requests to the target site without their consent. The targets were the voting page in 2008 and the -solving service antigate. It was done by inserting an iframe and a piece of JavaScript code which periodically reloaded the iframe. As a countermeasure, antigate was detecting whether iframe was loaded from VK and if it were antigate had redirected request to , a. VK needed to cease the attack due to the site's use by children. VK tried to use to solve this problem, but had forgotten about the. Blacklisted On 24 May 2013, it was reported in the media that the site had been mistakenly put on a list of websites banned by the Russian government. Some critics have accused the blacklist of being simply the latest in a series of suspicious incidents to have happened to the website in recent months, as the Russian government look to increase their stake in, and control of the site. Italian controversy On 18 November 2013, following an order from the Court of , VK was blocked in after a complaint from Medusa Film stating that it was hosting an illegal copy of one of its films. However, as of April 2015, the site has been reopened for Italian users and its mobile app is available on both and. Founder Pavel Durov's dismissal Founder was dismissed as CEO in April 2014 after he had failed to retract a according to himself prank letter of resignation. Durov then claimed the company had been effectively taken over by allies and suggested his ousting was the result of his refusal to hand over personal details of users to the and his refusal to shut down a VK group dedicated to anti-corruption activist. China Controversy In January 2016, banned VKontakte, accusing that it was manipulating web content and cooperating with the Kremlin. According to Russia's , the network estimates around 300,000 users based in China. As of 14 February 2018, China authorities unblocked VKontakte and it was fully in the country. Retrieved 26 August 2017. Retrieved September 23, 2016. Retrieved 28 December 2012. Retrieved 8 March 2018. Retrieved 8 March 2018. Retrieved 8 March 2018. Archived from on 2011-10-06. Retrieved 31 May 2012. Retrieved 23 February 2015. The West Australian Reuters. Retrieved 18 February 2014. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 18 March 2014. Published April 1, 2014. Retrieved February 29, 2016. Published April 1, 2014. Retrieved February 29, 2016. Published April 2, 2014. No update time given. Retrieved February 29, 2016. Published at midnight on April 4, 2014. Last modified at 7:26 MST. Retrieved February 29, 2016. Archived from on April 24, 2014. Retrieved April 23, 2014. Retrieved 1 February 2017. Retrieved 20 January 2015. Retrieved March 13, 2018. This is a prohibition of Internet Service Providers ISP to provide access to the internet service «Mail. Retrieved March 13, 2018. Executable files and files over 200 Mb are not allowed. Video chat is also available for users who allow incoming calls since 2012. Retrieved 18 December 2012. Retrieved 28 December 2012. Retrieved 28 December 2012. Retrieved 28 December 2012. Archived from on 14 October 2012. Retrieved 28 December 2012. Archived from on October 31, 2012. Retrieved January 4, 2013. Retrieved 10 October 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015. Retrieved 17 September 2012. Retrieved 17 September 2012. RBC Daily in Russian. Retrieved 20 January 2015. Retrieved 20 January 2015. Retrieved 20 January 2015.

LGBT people are experiencing harsh oppression: they are living in fear, they fear being fired, being beaten up, being killed just without any reason. In addition, users are able to upload the sincere files themselves, create playlists and share audios with others by attaching to messages and wall posts. VK also has tools for managing online communities and celebrity pages. These partnerships allow providers to remove user-uploaded content from VK and substitute it with legal embedded copies from the provider's site. Sen, videolar ve canlı akışlar izlemek, mesajlar, hikaye paylaşmanın ve fotoğrafları göndermek müzik dinlemek, oyun oynamak, topluluklara katılmak ve yetenekli sanatçıların yepyeni bir dünya keşfedebilirsiniz. She has been met her court hearing will be in a couple of weeks, and she gay film vkontakte a large fine. The user base reached 1 million in July 2007, and 10 million in April 2008.